BANKER'S DISCOUNT

BANKER'S DISCOUNT
IMPORTANT CONCEPTS
Banker's Discount : Suppose a merchant A buys goods worth, say Rs. 10,000 from
another merchant B at a credit of say 5 months. Then, B prepares a bill, called the bill of
exchange. A signs this bill and allows B to withdraw the amount from his bank account
after exactly 5 months.
The date exactly after 5 months is called nominally due date. Three days (known as grace
days) are added to it to get a date, known as legally due date.
Suppose B wants to have the money before the legally due date. Then he can have the
money from the banker or a broker, who deducts S.I. on the face value (i.e., Rs. 10,000 in
this case) for the period from the date on which the bill was discounted (i.e., paid by the
banker) and the legally due date. This amount is known as Banker's Discount (B.D.)
Thus, B.D. is the S.I. on the face value for the period from the date on which the bill was
discounted and the legally due date.
Banker's Gain (B.G.) = (B.D.) - (T.D.) for the unexpired time.
Note : When the date of the bill is not given, grace days are not to be added.
IMPORTANT FORMULAE
1. B.D. = S.I. on bill for unexpired time.
2. B.G. = (B.D.)-(T.D.) = S.I. on T.D. =(T.D)2 /P.W .
3. T.D. = (P.W.xB.G.)
4. B.D. =[(Amount *Rate *Time)/100]
5.Amount=[(B.D. x T.D.)/(B.D.-T.D.)]
6. T.D.= [(Amount x Rate x Time)/(100+(Rate*Time))]
7. T.D.=[( B.G. x 100)/(Rate x Time)]
SOLVED EXAMPLES
Ex. 1. A bill for Rs. 6000 is drawn on July 14 at 5 months. It is discounted on 5th
October at 10%. Find the banker's discount, true discount, banker's gain and the
money that the holder of the bill receives.
Sol.
Face value of the bill = Rs. 6000.
Date on which the bill was drawn = July 14 at 5 months. Nominally due date =
December 14.
Legally due date = December 17.
Date on which the bill was discounted = October 5. 
Unexpired time : Oct. Nov. Dec.
26 + 30 + 17 = 73 days =1/ 5Years
B.D. = S.I. on Rs. 6000 for 1/5 year
= Rs. (6000 x 10 x1/5 x1/100)= Rs. 120.
T.D. = Rs.[(6000 x 10 x1/5)/(100+(10*1/5))]
=Rs.(12000/102)=Rs. 117.64.
B.G. = (B.D.) - (T.D.) = Rs. (120 - 117.64) = Rs. 2.36.
Money received by the holder of the bill = Rs. (6000 - 120)
= Rs. 5880.
Ex. 2. If the true discount on a certain sum due 6 months hence at 15% is Rs. 120,
what is the banker's discount on the same sum for the same time and at the same
rate?
Sol. B.G. = S.I. on T.D.
= Rs.(120 x 15 x 1/2 x 1/100)
= Rs. 9.
(B.D.) - (T.D.) = Rs. 9.
B.D. = Rs. (120 + 9) = Rs. 129.
Ex. 3. The banker's discount on Rs. 1800 at 12% per annum is equal to the true
discount on Rs. 1872 for the same time at the same rate. Find the time.
Sol.
S.I. on Rs. 1800 = T.D. on Rs. 1872.
P.W. of Rs. 1872 is Rs. 1800.
Rs. 72 is S.I. on Rs. 1800 at 12%.
Time =[(100 x 72)/ (12x1800)]year
1/3year = 4 months.
Ex. 4. The banker's discount and the true discount on a sum of money due 8 months
hence are Rs. 120 and Rs. 110 respectively. Find the sum and the rate percent.
Sol.
Sum =[( B.D.*T.D.)/(B.D.-T.D.)]
= Rs.[(120x110)/(120-110)]
= Rs. 1320.
Since B.D. is S.I. on sum due, so S.I. on Rs. 1320 for 8 months is Rs. 120.
Rate =[(100 x120)/( 1320 x 2/3)%
= 13 7/11%.
Ex. 5. The present worth of a bill due sometime hence is Rs. 1100 and the true
discount on the bill is Rs. 110. Find the banker's discount and the banker's gain.
Sol. T.D. =(P.W.*B.G)
B.G. =(T.D.)2/ P.W.
= Rs.[(110x110)/ 1100]
= Rs. 11.
B.D.= (T.D. + B.G.) = Rs. (110 + 11) = Rs. 121.
Ex. 6. The banker's discount on Rs. 1650 due a certain time hence is Rs. 165. Find
the true discount and the banker's gain.
Sol.
Sum = [(B.D.xT.D.)/ (B.D.-T.D.)]
= [(B.D.xT.D.)/B.G.]
T.D./B.G. = Sum/ B.D.
=1650/165
=10/1
Thus, if B.G. is Re 1, T.D. = Rs. 10.
If B.D.is Rs. ll, T.D.=Rs. 10.
If B.D. is Rs. 165, T.D. = Rs. [(10/11)xl65]
=Rs.150
And, B.G. = Rs. (165 - 150) = Rs, 15.
Ex. 7. What rate percent does a man get for his money when in discounting a bill
due 10 months hence, he deducts 10% of the amount of the bill?
Solution: Let amount of the bill = Rs.100
Money deducted =Rs.10
Money received by the holder of the bill = Rs.100-10 = Rs.90
SI on Rs.90 for 10 months = Rs.10
Rate =[(100*10)/(90*10/12)%=13 1/3%